2011年10月英语阅读（二）自考试题

全国2011年10月自考
英语阅读（二）试题
课程代码：00596

全部题目用英文作答（翻译题除外），请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上

I. Reading Comprehension (50 points, 2 points for each)
Directions: In this part of the test, there are five passages. Following each passage, there are five questions with four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and then write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet.
Passage One
Toward twelve o’ clock, when we were crossing a high land, we heard the cry of a young animal, which we all recognized to be a baby ape. We crawled through the bush as silently as possible, still hearing the baby-like cry. Then a frightened little ape came into our sight. I could not tell my surprise when I saw that the baby ape’ s face was pure white - very white indeed - pallid. The little one was about a foot in height. One of the men threw cloth over its head and we secured it with a rope.
I called him Tommy, to which name he soon began to answer. He had a great affection for me, and used constantly to follow me about. When I sat down, he was not content till he had climbed upon me and hid his head in my breast. He was extremely fond of being petted and fondled and would sit for hours while any one stroked his head or back.
He soon began to be a great thief. When the people left their huts he would steal in and make off with their plantains or fish. He watched very carefully till all had left the house, and it was difficult to catch him in the act.
From me he stole constantly. He soon found out that my hut was better furnished with ripe bananas and other fruit than any other; and also he discovered that the best time to steal from me was when I was asleep in the morning. At that time he used to crawl in on his tiptoes, move slyly toward my bed, look at my closed eyes, and, if he saw no movement, with an air of great relief go up and pluck several plantains. If I stirred in the least he was off like a flash, and would presently reenter for another inspection. If my eyes were open when he came in on such a predatory trip, he at once came up to me with an honest face, and climbed on and caressed me. But I could easily detect an occasional wishful glance toward the bunch of plantains.
He kept the run of mealtimes, and was present at as many meals as possible; that is, he would go from my breakfast to half a dozen others, and beg something at each. He was very fond of boiled meat - particularly boiled fish - and was constantly picking bones. He wanted always to taste my coffee, and would beg of me, in the most serious manner, for some.
Tommy had a great deal of intelligence; and if I had had leisure I think I might have trained him to some kind of good behavior, though I despaired of his thieving disposition. He lived so long, and was growing so accustomed to civilized life, that I began to have great hopes of being able to carry him to America. But, one morning he refused his food, seemed downcast, and was very anxious to be petted and held in the arms. I got all kinds of forest berries for him, but he refused all. He did not seem to suffer, but ate nothing; and the next day, without a struggle, died. I was very sorry, for he had grown to be quite a pet companion for me.
Questions1-5 are based on Passage One.
1. How did the author find the little ape?
A. He saw it in remote distance. B. It jumped right in front of him.
C. He heard its frightened cry. D. He was told that it was there.
2. Which of the following is true of Tommy?
A. He liked to climb upon the author and scream in his breast.
B. He liked to be petted and fondled by the author.
C. He liked to chase the author about when he was very excited.
D. He liked to play balls with the author in front of the house.
3. When would Tommy steal food from the author?
A. He would do it when the author lay still with his eyes closed.
B. He would do it only when the food looked inviting.
C. He would do it when he was not allowed to get the food.
D. He would do it only when he was hungry.
4. What kind of food did Tommy like?
A. Milk and juice. B. Ripe bananas.
C. Bread and butter. D. Boiled fish.
5. Tommy __________ when he was dying.
A. was restless and excited
B. had a good appetite for wild berries
C. was anxious to be cared for
D. ate few berries and plantains
Passage Two
For some time past it has been widely accepted that babies - and other creatures - learn to do things because certain acts lead to “rewards”; and there is no reason to doubt that this is true. But it used also to be widely believed that effective reward, at least in the early stages, had to be directly related to such basic physiological “drives” as thirst or hunger. In other words, a baby would learn if he got food or drink or some sort of physical comfort, not otherwise.
It is now clear that this is not so. Babies will learn to behave in ways that produce results in the world with no reward except the successful outcome.
Pap began his studies by using milk in the normal way to “reward” the babies and so teach them to carry out some simple movements, such as turning the head to one side or the other. Then he noticed that a baby who had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making the learned response with clear signs of pleasure. So he began to study the children’ s responses in situations where no milk was provided. He quickly found that children as young as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movement “switched on” a display of lights - and indeed that they were capable of learning quite complex turns to bring about this result, for instance, two left or two right, or even to make as many as three turns to one side.
Pap’ s light display was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would not turn back to watch the lights closely although they would “smile and bubble” when the display came on. Pap concluded that it was not primarily the sight of the lights which pleased them, it was the success they were achieving in solving the problem, in mastering the skill, and that there exists a fundamental human urge to make sense of the world and bring it under intentional control.
Questions 6-10 are based on Passage Two.
6. According to the author, babies learn to do things which __________.
A. are directly related to pleasure
B. will meet their physical needs
C. will bring them a feeling of success
D. are good for their psychological development
7. Pap noticed in his studies that a baby __________.
A. would continue the simple movements even without milk
B. would begin to make learned responses even without milk
C. would carry out learned movements when it had enough to drink
D. would turn its head to right or left when it had enough to drink
8. In Pap’ s experiment babies make learned movements of the head in order to __________.
A. be praised B. please the researcher
C. be rewarded with milk D. have the lights turned on
9. The babies would “smile and bubble” at the lights because __________.
A. the sight of the lights was amusing
B. they succeeded in “switching on” the lights
C. they didn’ t need to turn back to watch the lights
D. the lights went on and off quickly
10. According to Pap, the pleasure babies get in achieving something is a reflection of __________.
A. a basic human desire to understand and control the world
B. the satisfaction of certain physiological needs
C. their strong desire to solve complex p